| Validity of BIS Measurement of Lymphedema | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tab # |
Topic |
Citation |
Primary Author |
Summary of Findings |
|
| 1 | Early diagnosis of lymphedema using MFBIA | Lymphology, 34: 2-11 2001 | Cornish | MFBIA detected lymphedema up to 10 months earlier than circumferential methods, with 100% sensitivity. | |
| 2 | Quantitative bioimpedance spectroscopy for the assessment of lymphoedema | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/s10549-008-0258-0 | Ward | Total arm volume was highly correlated (r = 0.80–0.90) with arm fluid volumes predicted by BIS and the proportional increase in arm size predicted by BIS was not significantly different to that measured by perometry | |
| 3 | Bioelectrical impedance for monitoring the efficacy of lymphoedema treatment programmes | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment , 38, 169-176, 1996 | Cornish | The results demonstrate that MFBIA is significantly more sensitive than circumferential measurement both in the early diagnosis of lymphoedema and in monitoring change. | |
| 4 | Single frequency versus bioimpedance spectroscopy for the assessment of lymphedema | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment , 2008 DOI 10.1007/s10549-008-0090-6 | York | Bioimpedance (single frequency or BIS) is able to distinguish limbs with lymphedema from limbs without lymphedema. | |
| 5 | Bioelectrical impedance for detecting upper limb lymphedema in nonlaboratory settings | Lymphatic Research and Biology, 7: 1-15, 2009 | Ridner | The use of impedance ratios can be useful markers for the assessment of lymphedema in a nonlaboratory setting | |
| 6 | MFBIA augments the diagnosis and management of lymphedema in post-mastectomy patients | European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 22, 751-754, 1992 | Ward | Use of R-zero and its specificity to extracellular fluid makes MFBIA a superior testing method for early detection of lymphedema. | |
| 7 | Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: Proven Utility in Lymphedema Risk Assessment and Therapeutic Monitoring | Lymphatic Research and Biology, Volume 4, Number 1, 2006, pp 51-56 | Ward | Review of principles of bioimpedance analysis as applied to detection of lymphedema | |
| 8 | Bioimpedance Analysis in the Assessment of Lymphoedema Diagnosis and Management | Journal of Lymphoedema, Vol 2, No 1, 2007 | Rockson | MFBIA in analysis of lymphedema has been proven to be fast, accurate and well accepted by patients. Will provide good standard for lymphedema detection and tracking | |
| 9 | Measuring lymphedema in patients with breast cancer: go with the flow? | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/s10549-009-0320-6 | Hunt/Cormier | Invited editorial commentary discusses recent advancement of bioimpedance spectroscopy in the evaluation of lymphedema. | |
| Importance of Early Identification and Treatment | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tab # |
Topic |
Citation |
Primary Author |
Summary of Findings |
|
| 10 | Preoperative Assessment Enables the Early Diagnosis and Successful Treatment of Lymphedema | Cancer, Volume 112, Issue 12, Pages 2809-2819, 15 June 2008 | Gergich | NIH prospective study: A short intervention with off the shelf compression sleeves was effective in bringing all patients with subclinical lymphedema back to a pre-surgical baseline | |
| 11 | Time Course of Mild Arm Lymphedema After Breast Conservation Treatment for Early Stage Breast Cancer | International Journal Radiation Oncology - Biology - Physics, Vol. 76, No. 1, pp 85-90, 2010 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.01.024 | Bar | Looks at time to progression of mild arm lymphedema to more severe stages. Stresses importance of ongoing, objective measurement. Once advanced, normal limb volume and lymphatic function cannot be restored. Reinforces NIH findings of preventing progression to even mild lymphedema. | |
| 12 | Lymphedema: A primer on the identification and management of a chronic condition in oncologic treatment | Cancer, CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59;8-24 | Lawenda | Supports the importance of pre-surgical assessment of monitoring of patients at risk of developing lymphedema. Early detection and treatment are critical. Supports BIS as being reliable and accurate. | |
| 13 | Effectiveness of early physiotherapy to prevent lymphoedema after surgery for breast cancer: randomised, single blinded, clinical trial | "BMJ 2010;340:b5396 doi:10.1136/bmj.b5396" | LaComba | Randomized Control Trial comparing pre-emptive treatment and education versus education only. Found significantly lower rate of LE in the treatment arm. Supports the importance and efficacy of early intervention. | |
| 14 | Treatment for upper-limb and lower-limb lymphedema by professionals specializing in lymphedema care | European Journal of Cancer Care, 2008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2007.00878.x | Langbecker | Survey based study of LE healthcare professionals. Supports importance of early intervention. | |
| 15 | The Psychosocial Effects of Cancer-Related Lymphedema | Journal of Palliative Care; Autumn 2008; 24, 3, p134 | Towers | Qualitative analysis of distress of patients with lymphedema. Suggests increase awareness of lymphedema is needed in healthcare workers, health insurance policy makers and government. | |
| 16 | Incidence and risk of arm oedema following treatment for breast cancer: a three-year follow up study | Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 2005; 98:343–348 | Clark | Prospective observational study looking at risk factors and incidence rates of lymphedema after pre-surgical assessment and post surgical surveillance for 36 months . Repeated postsurgical monitoring is recommended. | |
| 17 | Arm lymphoedema in a cohort of breast cancer survivors 10 years after diagnosis | Acta Oncologica, 2010; 49: 166–173 | Johansson | Supports the importance of early detection and intervention. Data also shows that using a traditional definition of lymphedema (>5% difference between arms) patients could be treated for up to 10 years but still not brought back to a pre-surgical baseline. | |
| Comparison of Measurement Methods | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tab # |
Topic |
Citation |
Primary Author |
Summary of Findings |
|
| 18 | Assessment of Breast Cancer-Related Arm Lymphedema—Comparison of Physical Measurement Methods and Self-Report | Cancer Investigation, 28:54–62, 2010 DOI: 10.3109/07357900902918494 | Czerniec | Patient self assessment is only moderately reliable. Perometry comparisons were limited since the method could not measure the whole arm in many patients. BIS detected fluid changes in lymphedema patient undetected by total arm volume metrics suggesting that "BIS may be particularly useful in the detection of early lymphedema, prior to arm volume changes." | |
| 19 | Lymphedema Secondary to breast cancer: how choice of measure influences diagnosis, prevelance, and identifiable risk factors | Lymphology, Vol 26, No 21, July 2008 | Hayes | Use of BIS as a detection method of lymphedema was able to detect more lymphedema earlier than common methods (SOAC and self report) | |
| 20 | Comparison of upper limb volume measurement techniques and arm symptoms between healthy volunteers and individuals with known lymphedema. | Lymphology, 40, 35-46, 2007 | Ridner | Compares correlation between whole arm volume methods (perometry and circumference) with impedance. | |
| 21 | Operational Equivalence of Bioimpedance Indices and Perometry for the Assessment of Unilateral Arm Lymphedema | Lymphatic Research and Biology, Volume 7, Number 2, 2009, pp 81-85 | Ward | BIS provides a measurement index that is highly correlated with quantitative measurements of the volume increase in limb size seen in lymphedema | |
| 22 | A Comparison of Four Diagnostic Criteria for Lymphedema in a Post-Breast Cancer Population | Lymphatic Research and Biology, Volume 3, Number 4, 2005 | Armer | Compares perometry, tape measure and self report for diagnosis lymphedema. Underscores the importance of comparing post-surgical assessment to a pre-surgical baseline. | |
| 23 | Assessment of Breast Cancer-Related Arm Lymphedema—Comparison of Physical Measurement Methods and Self-Report | Cancer Investigation, 28:54–62, 2010 ISSN: 0735-7907 print / 1532-4192 online | Cormier | Looked at the relationship between physical methods of measuring lymphedema and self-reported swelling. BIS detected differences in ECF not reflected in corresponding measurements of total arm volume. Difficult to rely solely on self report to diagnose or to evaluate treatment. | |
| Health Economics of Lymphedema After Breast Cancer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tab # |
Topic |
Citation |
Primary Author |
Summary of Findings |
|
| 24 | Incidence, Treatment Costs, and Complications of Lymphedema After Breast Cancer Among Women of Working Age: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study | Journal of Clinical Oncology, DOI 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.3517 | Shih | Based on actual claims data review, breast cancer patients with lymphedema incurred significantly higher medical costs ($14,877 to $23,167) than those without lymphedema. These patients were twice as likely to have lymphangitis or cellulitis | |
| Health Economics of Lymphedema After Breast Cancer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tab # |
Topic |
Citation |
Primary Author |
Summary of Findings |
25 | Guidelines for the diagnosis, assessment and management of lymphoedema | Clinical Resource Efficacy Support Team (CREST), www.crestni.org.uk (public domain) 2008 |